| # PFUIElement(Attributes)
Extends Class: | PFUIElement
Declared In: | PFUIElement.h
## Introduction A category on PFUIElement for attribute properties and methods. ##### Discussion The Attributes category on PFUIElement includes two kinds of attributes: nonparameterized attributes and parameterized attributes. The nonparameterized attributes are declared as properties. To use them, you send a `key` message to their receivers (where `key` is the property name, such as `AXRole` to read the "AXRole" attribute), just as you would use a getter accessor method. They take no parameters, and they return an Objective-C object. To set those that are settable, you send a `setKey:` message to their receivers passing an Objective-C object (where `setKey:` incorporates the property name, such as `setAXValue:` to set the "AXValue" attribute), just as you would use a setter accessor method. The parameterized attributes are implemented as methods. You send them to a receiver with a parameter, and the value returned depends on the value of the parameter. The accessor methods specified by the properties in the Attributes category on PFUIElement return UI element attribute values for attributes having the same name as the property. All attributes declared in the AXAttributeConstants.h and NSAccessibility.h headers are included (except where they are marked obsolete). Note that some attributes appear in only one of those headers. Individual properties are named according to the string value of the attribute, not its constant name in the AXAttributeConstants.h or NSAccessibility.h header. They are classified approximately the same as in AXAttributeConstants.h, which differs in minor ways from the classification in NSAccessibility.h. Classification of attributes is for ease of understanding only and has no functional significance. It can be misleading, because Apple encourages developers to use existing attribute names for custom objects where possible, and they may therefore be used for new purposes. The properties in this category are mostly for convenience. Instead of using them, you can send -valueForAttribute: and -setValue:forAttribute: with the appropriate accessibility API constant from AXAttributeConstants.h (cast to NSString*) or NSAccessibility.h. These two methods use key-value coding to find and send one of these properties by name or, if it is not found, to fall back on a private method that calls the accessibility API directly. The net effect is that the framework will always find all attributes, even new attributes that are added to the accessibility API in future versions of Mac OS X and custom attributes that are implemented by other applications such as the Finder and Safari. You must send -valueForAttribute: and -setValue:forAttribute: instead of a specific property when you don't know in advance which attribute to use, for example, when using a list of attributes obtained from the -nonParameterizedAttributes method. There is a slight efficiency advantage in sending an accessor message instead of using the -valueForAttribute: and -setValue:forAttribute: methods. Either technique will execute any special code, such as bug fixes, that is included in a particular accessor method. All attribute values are Objective-C objects returned autoreleased. See -attributes for information regarding the use of the attribute properties. ## Methods `-AXAttributedStringForRange:` Returns the text of the characters in `characterRange` in the receiving text object, as an attributed string. `-AXBoundsForRange:` Returns the bounds on the screen enclosing the characters in `characterRange` in the receiving text object. `-AXCellForColumnAndRow:` Returns the cell in the receiving cell-based table at the intersection of the column and row in `columnAndRowArray`. `-AXLayoutPointForScreenPoint:` Returns the point in the layout area coordinate system corresponding to `screenPoint` in top-left relative screen coordinates. `-AXLayoutSizeForScreenSize:` Returns the size in the layout area coordinate system corresponding to `screenSize` in screen coordinates. `-AXLineForIndex:` Returns the line index of the line containing the character at `characterIndex` in the receiving text object. `-AXRangeForIndex:` Returns the range of characters in the receiving text object composing the single glyph that contains `characterIndex`. `-AXRangeForLine:` Returns the range of characters contained in the line of text at `lineIndex` in the receiving text object. `-AXRangeForPosition:` Returns the range of characters in the receiving text object composing the single glyph located at `glyphPosition`, a point on the screen in top-left relative screen coordinates. `-AXRTFForRange:` Returns the text of the characters in `characterRange` in the receiving text object, as RTF data. `-AXScreenPointForLayoutPoint:` Returns the point in top-left relative screen coordinates corresponding to `layoutPoint` in the layout area coordinate system. `-AXScreenSizeForLayoutSize:` Returns the size in screen coordinates corresponding to `layoutSize`in the layout area coordinate system. `-AXStringForRange:` Returns the text of the characters in `characterRange` in the receiving text object, as a string. `-AXStyleRangeForIndex:` Returns the range of characters in the receiving text object composing a single style run that contains `characterIndex`. ### AXAttributedStringForRange: Returns the text of the characters in `characterRange` in the receiving text object, as an attributed string.
    - (NSAttributedString *)AXAttributedStringForRange:(NSValue *)characterRange;
##### Parameters `characterRange` An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure describing a range of characters in the receiving text object, counting all characters from the beginning of the text object even if it flows across multiple text views. ##### Return Value An NSAttributedString object containing the attributed string of the receiving text object in `characterRange`. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read text objects. Given a character range in the receiving text object, it returns the characters in that range as an NSAttributedString object, including formatting. The text attributes contained in the dictionary object associated with the attributed string returned by this method are not intended for visual display, but instead to provide information that is useful in the accessibility context. They differ from the text attributes in a standard text system NSAttributedString object and in its CFAttributedString counterpart. The keys are prefixed with "AX" instead of "NS", as in "AXFont" instead of "NSFont", and their contents may differ from the contents of their standard text system analogs. They are declared in the AXTextAttributedString.h header. The accessibility attributed string returned by this method therefore cannot be displayed in a text view without first converting it to a standard attributed string. See -attributedStringFromAXAttributedString: for more information, and use that method to effect the conversion. The `characterRange` parameter can be any range of characters in a text object. To obtain a character range for a specific line in a text object, see AXRangeForLine:. To obtain a character range for a style run in a text object, see AXStyleRangeForIndex:. See also AXStringForRange: and AXRTFForRange:. ### AXBoundsForRange: Returns the bounds on the screen enclosing the characters in `characterRange` in the receiving text object.
    - (NSValue *)AXBoundsForRange:(NSValue *)characterRange;
##### Parameters `characterRange` An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure describing a range of characters in the receiving text object, counting all characters from the beginning of the text object even if it flows across multiple text views. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRect struct. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read text objects. Given a character range in the receiving text object, it returns the bounds on the screen enclosing the characters. The `characterRange` parameter can be any range of characters in a text object. To obtain a character range for a specific line in a text object, see AXRangeForLine:. To obtain a character range for a style run in a text object, see AXStyleRangeForIndex:. In the case of a range of characters that encompasses more than one line, the returned bounds encloses all of the characters in the range, in all lines. Use NSValue's `-rectValue` method to extract the NSRect structure of the result. ### AXCellForColumnAndRow: Returns the cell in the receiving cell-based table at the intersection of the column and row in `columnAndRowArray`.
    - (PFUIElement *)AXCellForColumnAndRow:(NSArray *)columnAndRowArray;
##### Parameters `columnAndRowArray` An NSArray object containing two NSNumber objects encoding integer values that are the column index and the row index (in that order) in the receiving cell-based table. ##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read cell-based table objects. Given an array containing the column index and the row index in the receiving cell-based table object, it returns the cell object. This method is available, for example, in Apple's Numbers application. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXLayoutPointForScreenPoint: Returns the point in the layout area coordinate system corresponding to `screenPoint` in top-left relative screen coordinates.
    - (NSValue *)AXLayoutPointForScreenPoint:(NSValue *)screenPoint;
##### Parameters `screenPoint` An NSValue object encoding an NSPoint structure describing a position on the screen in top-left relative screen coordinates that is within a layout area. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSPoint structure. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read cell-based table objects. Given a point on the screen in top-left relative screen coordinates, it returns the corresponding point in the receiving layout area in the layout area's coordinate system. This method is available, for example, in Apple's Numbers application. The units of measurement used in the layout area may differ from those used on the screen. See AXHorizontalUnits and AXVerticalUnits. Use NSValue's `-pointValue` method to extract the NSPoint structure of the result. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXScreenPointForLayoutPoint:. ### AXLayoutSizeForScreenSize: Returns the size in the layout area coordinate system corresponding to `screenSize` in screen coordinates.
    - (NSValue *)AXLayoutSizeForScreenSize:(NSValue *)screenSize;
##### Parameters `screenSize` An NSValue object encoding an NSSize structure describing the size on the screen in screen coordinates of a layout area. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSSize structure. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read layout area objects. Given the size on the screen in screen coordinates, it returns the corresponding size of the receiving layout area in the layout area's coordinate system. This method is available, for example, in Apple's Numbers application. The units of measurement used in the layout area may differ from those used on the screen. See AXHorizontalUnits and AXVerticalUnits. Use NSValue's `-sizeValue` method to extract the NSSize structure of the result. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXScreenPointForLayoutPoint:. ### AXLineForIndex: Returns the line index of the line containing the character at `characterIndex` in the receiving text object.
    - (NSNumber *)AXLineForIndex:(NSNumber *)characterIndex;
##### Parameters `characterIndex` An NSNumber encoding an integer value that is the index of a character in the receiving text object, counting all characters from the beginning of the text object even if it flows across multiple text views. ##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read text objects. Given a character index in the receiving text object, it returns the index of the line of text in which the character appears. This is a common way to use the parameterized text methods: start with a character index, typically obtained by reading the screen to obtain a reference to the glyph under the mouse pointer. See AXRangeForPosition: for information on obtaining the character range of the glyph at a specified screen position. A character's index is its sequential index, counting all characters from the beginning of the text object even if it flows across multiple text containers or views such as pages or columns. It can be important in some circumstances to avoid using character indexes that fall in the middle of a glyph. See -AXRangeForIndex: for information about obtaining the starting character index and length of any glyph. The result returned by this method can be ambiguous when you are attempting to determine the line index of a naked insertion point at `characterIndex`. See -AXInsertionPointLineNumber for information and a technique to resolve the ambiguity. See -AXRangeForPosition: for information about obtaining the character index and length of a glyph on the screen for use in a screen reader application. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXRangeForIndex: Returns the range of characters in the receiving text object composing the single glyph that contains `characterIndex`.
    - (NSValue *)AXRangeForIndex:(NSNumber *)characterIndex;
##### Parameters `characterIndex` An NSNumber encoding an integer value that is the index of a character in the receiving text object within a single glyph, counting all characters from the beginning of the text object even if it flows across multiple text views. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read text objects. Given a character index in the receiving text object, it returns the range of characters in the receiving text object composing the glyph. This method is based on the premise that a glyph may be composed of one or more characters. Use this method to obtain the character range of a single glyph based on its position within the receiving text view. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. ### AXRangeForLine: Returns the range of characters contained in the line of text at `lineIndex` in the receiving text object.
    - (NSValue *)AXRangeForLine:(NSNumber *)lineIndex;
##### Parameters `lineIndex` An NSNumber encoding an integer value that is the index of a line, counting all lines from the beginning of the text object even if it flows aross multiple text views. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read text objects. Given a line index in the receiving text object, it returns the range of characters contained in the line of text. A screen reader typically obtains the line index by first obtaining the character index under the mouse pointer and then calling AXLineForIndex:. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. ### AXRangeForPosition: Returns the range of characters in the receiving text object composing the single glyph located at `glyphPosition`, a point on the screen in top-left relative screen coordinates.
    - (NSValue *)AXRangeForPosition:(NSValue *)glyphPosition;
##### Parameters `glyphPosition` An NSValue object encoding an NSPoint structure describing a position on the screen in top-left relative screen coordinates that is within a single glyph. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure. ##### Discussion This method is based on the premise that a glyph may be composed of one or more characters. It can be important to avoid using character indexes that fall in the middle of a glyph. Use this method to obtain the character range of a single glyph based on its position on the screen, for example, the character range of the glyph under the mouse. See -elementAtPoint:withDelegate:error: for information about obtaining the current position of the mouse. In a screen reader application, use the resulting character range returned by this method as a route into the other parameterized methods which take a character index, character range, or (indirectly from the character index) line index as input. The location field of the character range is the character index of the first character of the glyph, and the length field of the character range is the number of characters to the next glyph. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. ### AXRTFForRange: Returns the text of the characters in `characterRange` in the receiving text object, as RTF data.
    - (NSData *)AXRTFForRange:(NSValue *)characterRange;
##### Parameters `characterRange` An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure describing a range of characters in the receiving text object, counting all characters from the beginning of the text object even if it flows across multiple text views. ##### Return Value An NSData object containing the RTF data of the receiving text object in `characterRange`. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read text objects. Given a character range in the receiving text object, it returns the characters in that range as an NSData object, including formatting. The `characterRange` parameter can be any range of characters in a text object. To obtain a character range for a specific line in a text object, see AXRangeForLine:. To obtain a character range for a style run in a text object, see AXStyleRangeForIndex:. See also AXStringForRange: and AXAttributedStringForRange:. ### AXScreenPointForLayoutPoint: Returns the point in top-left relative screen coordinates corresponding to `layoutPoint` in the layout area coordinate system.
    - (NSValue *)AXScreenPointForLayoutPoint:(NSValue *)layoutPoint;
##### Parameters `layoutPoint` An NSValue object encoding an NSPoint structure describing a position in the receiving layout area in layout area coordinates. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSPoint structure. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read cell-based table objects. Given a point in the receiving layout area in the layout area's coordinate system, it returns the corresponding point on the screen in top-left relative screen coordinates. The units of measurement used in the layout area may differ from those used on the screen. See AXHorizontalUnits and AXVerticalUnits. Use NSValue's `-pointValue` method to extract the NSPoint structure of the result. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXScreenSizeForLayoutSize:. ### AXScreenSizeForLayoutSize: Returns the size in screen coordinates corresponding to `layoutSize`in the layout area coordinate system.
    - (NSValue *)AXScreenSizeForLayoutSize:(NSValue *)layoutSize;
##### Parameters `layoutSize` An NSValue object encoding an NSSize structure describing the size of the receiving layout area in the layout area's coordinate system. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSSize structure. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read layout area objects. Given the size of the receiving layout area in the layout area's coordinate systemon, it returns the corresponding size on the screen in screen coordinates. The units of measurement used in the layout area may differ from those used on the screen. See AXHorizontalUnits and AXVerticalUnits. Use NSValue's `-sizeValue` method to extract the NSSize structure of the result. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXLayoutSizeForScreenSize:. ### AXStringForRange: Returns the text of the characters in `characterRange` in the receiving text object, as a string.
    - (NSString *)AXStringForRange:(NSValue *)characterRange;
##### Parameters `characterRange` An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure describing a range of characters in the receiving text object, counting all characters from the beginning of the text object even if it flows across multiple text views. ##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read text objects. Given a character range in the receiving text object, it returns the characters in that range as an NSString object. The `characterRange` parameter can be any range of characters in a text object. To obtain a character range for a specific line in a text object, see AXRangeForLine:. To obtain a character range for a style run in a text object, see AXStyleRangeForIndex:. See also AXRTFForRange: and AXAttributedStringForrange:. ### AXStyleRangeForIndex: Returns the range of characters in the receiving text object composing a single style run that contains `characterIndex`.
    - (NSValue *)AXStyleRangeForIndex:(NSNumber *)characterIndex;
##### Parameters `characterIndex` An NSNumber encoding an integer value that is the index of a character in the receiving text object, counting all characters from the beginning of the text object even if it flows across multiple text views. ##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure. ##### Discussion This is a parameterized attribute method to read text objects. Given a character index in the receiving text object, it returns the range of characters in the receiving text object composing the style run. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. ## Properties `AXAllowedValues` An array of discrete values that the receiver can assume. `AXAMPMField` The AM/PM field in the receiving clock control. `AXCancelButton` The receiving window's cancel button. `AXChildren` The receiver's children UI elements. `AXClearButton` The clear button element in the receiving search field. `AXCloseButton` The close button in the receiving window's title bar. `AXColumnCount` The number of columns in the receiving grid element. `AXColumnHeaderUIElements` The receiver's column header UI elements. `AXColumnIndexRange` The range of the receiver's column indexes. `AXColumns` The columns of the receiving table or outline. `AXColumnTitles` The receiving browser's column title elements. `AXContents` The main contents of the receiver. `AXCriticalValue` The receiving level indicator's critical value. `AXDayField` The day field in the receiving clock control. `AXDecrementButton` The receiving stepper's decrement button. `AXDefaultButton` The receiving window's default button. `AXDescription` A localized string specifically describing the receiver. `AXDisclosedByRow` The receiving outline child row's parent row. `AXDisclosedRows` The expanded child rows of the receiving parent outline view row. `AXDisclosing` Whether the receiving outline view row is expanded. `AXDisclosureLevel` The indentation level of the receiving outline row. `AXDocument` The receiver's path as a file URL. `AXEdited` Whether the receiver has been edited since it was last saved. `AXEnabled` Whether the receiver is enabled. `AXEnhancedUserInterface` Whether the receiving application is using enhanced user interface behaviors. `AXExpanded` Whether the receiving UI element is expanded. `AXFilename` The receiver's file name. `AXFocused` Whether the receiver has keyboard focus. `AXFocusedApplication` The receiving system-wide UI element's focused application element. `AXFocusedUIElement` The receiving application's focused UI element. `AXFocusedWindow` The receiving application's key window, the window that has keyboard focus. `AXFrontmost` Whether the receiving application is frontmost. `AXFullScreen` Whether the receiving window is full screen. `AXFullScreenButton` The full screen button in the receiving window's title bar. `AXGrowArea` The grow area in the bottom-right corner of the receiving window. `AXHandles` The receiver's handle UI elements. `AXHeader` The receiving table or outline column's header element. `AXHelp` A localized string providing helpful information regarding the receiver. `AXHidden` Whether the receiving application is hidden. `AXHorizontalScrollBar` The receiving scroller's horizontal scroll bar element. `AXHorizontalUnitDescription` A localized string describing the receiver's horizontal units of measurement, suitable for display or speech. `AXHorizontalUnits` A technical, non-localized string representing the receiver's horizontal units of measurement. `AXHourField` The hour field in the receiving clock control. `AXIdentifier` A string identifying the receiver across application launches. `AXIncrementButton` The receiving stepper's increment button. `AXIncrementor` A stepper UI element. `AXIndex` The index of the receiver. `AXInsertionPointLineNumber` The line index of a naked insertion point in the receiving text object. `AXIsApplicationRunning` Whether the application represented by the receiving application dock item is running. `AXLabelUIElements` The labels for a slider or similar control. `AXLabelValue` The value of the receiving label. `AXLinkedUIElements` The UI elements that are linked to the receiver. `AXMain` Whether the receiver is the target application's main window. `AXMainWindow` The receiving application's main window. `AXMarkerGroupUIElement` A group element containing the receiving text ruler's markers. `AXMarkerType` A technical, non-localized string designating the receiving text ruler marker's type. `AXMarkerTypeDescription` A localized string describing the receiving text ruler marker, suitable for display or speech. `AXMarkerUIElements` The receiving text ruler's marker elements. `AXMarkerValues` The values of the receiving text ruler's marker elements. `AXMatteContentUIElement` The object clipped by the receiving screen matte. `AXMatteHole` The bounds of the receiving screen matte's hole in screen coordinates. `AXMaxValue` The largest legal value of the receiver. `AXMenuBar` The receiving application's menu bar element. `AXMenuItemCmdChar` The receiving menu item's keyboard shortcut as a single-character string. `AXMenuItemCmdGlyph` The receiving menu item's keyboard shortcut as a glyph code. `AXMenuItemCmdModifiers` The modifier key combination required by the receiving menu item's keyboard shortcut. `AXMenuItemCmdVirtualKey` The receiving menu item's keyboard shortcut as a virtual key code. `AXMenuItemMarkChar` The receiving menu item's mark character. `AXMenuItemPrimaryUIElement` The receiving menu item's primary menu item element. `AXMinimizeButton` The minimize button in the receiving window's title bar. `AXMinimized` Whether the receiving window is minimized to the Dock. `AXMinuteField` The minute field in the receiving clock control. `AXMinValue` The smallest legal value of the receiver. `AXModal` Whether the receiver is a modal window. `AXMonthField` The month field in the receiving clock control. `AXNextContents` The contents of the subview following the splitter bar in a split group or a similar divider. `AXNumberOfCharacters` The number of characters in the receiver's text. `AXOrderedByRow` Whether the receiving grid element is ordered by rows. `AXOrientation` A technical, non-localized string designating the receiver's orientation on the screen. `AXOverflowButton` The receiving toolbar's overflow button element. `AXParent` The receiver's parent UI element. `AXPlaceholderValue` The string that appears in a text field or similar element as its placeholder. `AXPosition` The receiver's position on the screen. `AXPreviousContents` The contents of the subview preceding the splitter bar in a split group or a similar divider. `AXProxy` The proxy icon in the receiving window's title bar representing the window's document. `AXRole` A technical, non-localized string representing the receiver's role. `AXRoleDescription` A localized string describing the receiver's role or subrole, suitable for display or speech. `AXRowCount` The number of rows in the receiving grid element. `AXRowHeaderUIElements` The receiver's row header UI elements. `AXRowIndexRange` The range of the receiver's row indexes. `AXRows` The rows of the receiving table or outline. `AXSearchButton` The search button element in the receiving search field. `AXSearchMenu` The search pop-up menu element in the receiving search field. `AXSecondField` The second field in the receiving clock control. `AXSelected` Whether the receiver is selected. `AXSelectedCells` The receiving cell-based table's selected cell UI elements. `AXSelectedChildren` The receiver's selected children UI elements. `AXSelectedColumns` The selected columns of the receiving table or outline. `AXSelectedRows` The selected rows of the receiving table or outline. `AXSelectedText` The receiver's selected text. `AXSelectedTextRange` The range of the receiver's text selection. `AXSelectedTextRanges` The ranges of the receiver's noncontiguous multiple text selections. `AXServesAsTitleForUIElements` The UI elements for which the receiver serves as title. `AXSharedCharacterRange` The range of characters in a larger text object that are contained in the receiving text view, which shares the text object with other text view elements. `AXSharedTextUIElements` An array containing all of the text view elements that share a larger text object, a portion of which is contained in the receiving text view. `AXShownMenuUIElement` The menu element currently being displayed. `AXSize` The receiver's size on the screen. `AXSortDirection` A technical, non-localized string designating the receiving column's sort direction. `AXSplitters` The splitter bar elements in the receiving split group. `AXSubrole` A technical, non-localized string representing the receiver's subrole. `AXTabs` The receiving tab group's tab elements. `AXTextInputMarkedRange` The marked range of a text input session from an input manager. `AXTitle` A localized string that is the receiver's title. `AXTitleUIElement` A separate UI element that serves as the receiver's title. `AXToolbarButton` The toolbar button in the receiving window's title bar. `AXTopLevelUIElement` The top-level UI element containing the receiver. `AXUnitDescription` A localized string describing the receiving text ruler's units of measurement, suitable for display or speech. `AXUnits` A technical, non-localized string representing the receiving text ruler's units of measurement. `AXURL` The receiver's associated file URL. `AXValue` The receiver's value. `AXValueDescription` A localized string describing the receiver's value, suitable for display or speech. `AXValueIncrement` The magnitude of each increment of the receiver's value. `AXValueWraps` Whether the receiver wraps; that is, if stepping in one direction eventually returns the receiver to its initial value. `AXVerticalScrollBar` The receiving scroller's vertical scroll bar element. `AXVerticalUnitDescription` A localized string describing the receiver's vertical units of measurement, suitable for display or speech. `AXVerticalUnits` A technical, non-localized string representing the receiver's vertical units of measurement. `AXVisibleCells` The receiving cell-based table's visible cell UI elements. `AXVisibleCharacterRange` The range of the receiver's visible text. `AXVisibleChildren` The receiver's visible children UI elements. `AXVisibleColumns` The visible columns of the receiving table or outline. `AXVisibleRows` The visible rows of the receiving table or outline. `AXWarningValue` The receiving level indicator's warning value. `AXWindow` The window UI element containing the receiver. `AXWindows` The receiving application's open window elements. `AXYearField` The year field in the receiving clock control. `AXZoomButton` The zoom button in the receiving window's title bar. ### AXAllowedValues An array of discrete values that the receiver can assume.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXAllowedValues;
##### Return Value An NSArray object containing objects of any type (typically NSNumber). ##### Discussion The `AXAllowedValues` attribute applies to a stepper and similar noncontinuous elements, returning an array of discrete values that the receiving element can assume. The objects in the array are of the same type as the manipulated element's `AXValue` attribute. ### AXAMPMField The AM/PM field in the receiving clock control.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXAMPMField;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXAMPMField` attribute applies to a clock control element, returning its AMPM field. ### AXCancelButton The receiving window's cancel button.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXCancelButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a cancel button. ##### Discussion The `AXCancelButton` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's cancel button. ### AXChildren The receiver's children UI elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXChildren;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a children attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXChildren` attribute represents all of the elements that it contains in the visual, on-screen element hierarchy. For example, a window's children are the elements, such as buttons and text fields, that appear at the top level of the window, and a menu's children are its menu items. There is a one-to-many relationship between a parent and its children. A child can have only one parent, while a parent can have many children. The AXParent and `AXChildren` attributes are key players in an assistive application's navigation up and down a target application's accessibility containment hierarchy. A parent and its children must match in both directions. That is, a child's parent must have the child as one of its children, and a parent's child must have the parent as its only parent. Any failure of the accessibility containment hierarch to match in both directions is the result of an application bug. The bug may cause an element browser (which looks "up" the hierarchy from the "root" application element through its children) or a screen reader (which looks "down" the hierarchy from a "leaf" element on the screen through its parents) to fail. A surprising number of applications exhibit this bug with respect to some of their elements. See also AXParent. ### AXClearButton The clear button element in the receiving search field.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXClearButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving search field does not have a clear button. ##### Discussion The `AXClearButton` attribute applies to a search field, returning its clear button. ### AXCloseButton The close button in the receiving window's title bar.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXCloseButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a close button. ##### Discussion The `AXCloseButton` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's close button. ### AXColumnCount The number of columns in the receiving grid element.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXColumnCount;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a column count attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXColumnCount` attribute applies to grids, returning the number of columns in the table. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method or similar to extract the integer value of the result. See also AXRowCount. ### AXColumnHeaderUIElements The receiver's column header UI elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXColumnHeaderUIElements;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects, which may be `nil` if the receiver does not have a column header UI elements attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXColumnHeaderUIElements` attribute represents its column header UI elements. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXColumnIndexRange The range of the receiver's column indexes.
    @property(readonly) NSValue *AXColumnIndexRange;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a selected column index range attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXColumnIndexRange` attribute applies to tables, returning the range of column indexes in the table. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXRowIndexRange. ### AXColumns The columns of the receiving table or outline.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXColumns;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXColumns` attribute applies to a table or outline, returning its column elements. ### AXColumnTitles The receiving browser's column title elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXColumnTitles;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXColumnTitles` attribute applies to a browser, returning its column titles. A column title is a static text item. Each of a browser's column titles is also a child of the browser. ### AXContents The main contents of the receiver.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXContents;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The returned UI elements are the main informational elements contained by the receiver, omitting children that represent functional elements such as scrollbars. For example, the contents of a scroll area may be a text entry area or a table but would omit the scroll area's scroll bar or ruler, and the contents of a tab group would omit the tabs (radio buttons) themselves. See also AXNextContents and AXPreviousContents. ### AXCriticalValue The receiving level indicator's critical value.
    @property(readonly) id AXCriticalValue;
##### Return Value An object of any value, typically an NSNumber. ##### Discussion The `AXCriticalValue` attribute applies to a level indicator, returning its critical value. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXDayField The day field in the receiving clock control.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXDayField;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXDayField` attribute applies to a clock control element, returning its day field. ### AXDecrementButton The receiving stepper's decrement button.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXDecrementButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXDecrementButton` attribute applies to a stepper, returning its up arrow button. See also AXIncrementButton. ### AXDefaultButton The receiving window's default button.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXDefaultButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a default button. ##### Discussion The `AXDefaultButton` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's default button. ### AXDescription A localized string specifically describing the receiver.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXDescription;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a description attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXDescription` attribute explains its function or purpose. It is slightly more specific than the role description attribute but less verbose than the help attribute. It is typically formed in English by combining a property of the specific application feature that the element represents or controls with its role description. For example, a slider's role description is "slider" while the description of a particular instance of a slider might be "line width slider". See also AXRole, AXSubrole, AXRoleDescription, and AXHelp. ### AXDisclosedByRow The receiving outline child row's parent row.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXDisclosedByRow;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXDisclosedByRow` attribute applies to an outline row, returning the parent row disclosing it. ### AXDisclosedRows The expanded child rows of the receiving parent outline view row.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXDisclosedRows;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXDisclosedRows` attribute applies to an outline row, returning its disclosed child rows. ### AXDisclosing Whether the receiving outline view row is expanded.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXDisclosing;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXDisclosing` attribute applies to an outline row, indicating whether it is a parent row that is expanded to disclose its child rows. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To expand the receiver, call `-setAXDisclosing:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`; to collapse it, an NSNumber object encoding `NO`. ### AXDisclosureLevel The indentation level of the receiving outline row.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXDisclosureLevel;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value. ##### Discussion The `AXDisclosureLevel` attribute applies to an outline row, returning the indentation level of its row object. The disclosure level is zero-based. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXDocument The receiver's path as a file URL.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXDocument;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiving window has not been saved or does not have a document. ##### Discussion The `AXDocument` attribute applies to an element that displays a file, such as a window element, returning its file path as a file URL. See also AXURL and AXFilename. ### AXEdited Whether the receiver has been edited since it was last saved.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXEdited;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXEdited` attribute typically applies to a document, indicating whether it is dirty. An element is edited if a user has made changes to it that have not yet been saved. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. ### AXEnabled Whether the receiver is enabled.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXEnabled;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion An element is enabled if a user can interact with it. Views, the menu bar, menu bar items, menus, and menu items always have an AXEnabled attribute; windows typically do not. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. ### AXEnhancedUserInterface Whether the receiving application is using enhanced user interface behaviors.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXEnhancedUserInterface;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXEnhancedUserInterface` attribute applies to the application object, indicating whether it is using advanced user interface behaviors. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To cause an application to use enhanced user interface behaviors, call `-setAXEnhancedUserInterface:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`; to return to normal behaviors, an NSNumber object encoding `NO`. The NSAccessibilityEnhancedUserInterfaceAttribute constant is private Apple API. Use at your own risk. VoiceOver sets this attribute to indicate that it wants subtle changes made to the behavior of an application's user interface that would otherwise interfere with VoiceOver. The effect of setting this attribute is subject to change, and the attribute may disappear in future versions of Mac OS X. Currently, it has to do with keyboard navigation in text fields and tab views. The value of this attribute does not necessarily correlate with VoiceOver being active or inactive. ### AXExpanded Whether the receiving UI element is expanded.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXExpanded;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXExpanded` attribute applies to expandable UI elements such as disclosure triangles, pop-up menus and combo boxes, indicating whether they are expanded or collapsed. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To expand the receiver, call `-setAXExpanded:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`; to collapse it, an NSNumber object encoding `NO`. ### AXFilename The receiver's file name.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXFilename;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a filename attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXFilename` attribute returns the file name associated with the receiver. For example, the Finder's finder item element recognizes the AXFilename attribute. See also AXDocument and AXURL. ### AXFocused Whether the receiver has keyboard focus.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXFocused;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion Only one element in a window's accessibility containment hierarchy can have keyboard focus at any given time. To access the element having keyboard focus in a specific application no matter what window it is in, use AXFocusedUIElement. To access the window having keyboard focus in a specific application, use AXFocusedWindow. To access the active application system-wide, use AXFocusedApplication. In the case of a window element, the window having keyboard focus need not be the application's main window. To determine if a window is the main window, use AXMain. Keyboard events sent to an application are "typed" into the element currently having keyboard focus, if it is an editable text view or text field (except for command-down keyboard shortcuts, which are always handled by the application itself). Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To assign keyboard focus to the receiver, call `-setAXFocused:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`. To remove keyboard focus from the receiver, you must set focus to another element; passing an NSNumber object encoding `NO` to this property does nothing. Many elements cannot have keyboard focus. ### AXFocusedApplication The receiving system-wide UI element's focused application element.
    @property(readonly) PFApplicationUIElement *AXFocusedApplication;
##### Return Value A PFApplicationUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXFocusedApplication` attribute identifies the application element having keyboard focus; that is, the application having a UI element that is frontmost among all active applications. See AXFocused for more information. ### AXFocusedUIElement The receiving application's focused UI element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXFocusedUIElement;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXFocusedUIElement` attribute applies to the application object, returning the element that currently has keyboard focus. See AXFocused for more information. ### AXFocusedWindow The receiving application's key window, the window that has keyboard focus.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXFocusedWindow;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXFocusedWindow` attribute applies to the application object, returning its key window. See AXFocused for more information. ### AXFrontmost Whether the receiving application is frontmost.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXFrontmost;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXFrontmost` attribute applies to the application object, indicating whether it is currently the active (frontmost) application. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To bring an application to the front, call `-setAXFrontmost:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`. To bring another application to the front, you must send the `-setAXMain:` message to it; passing an NSNumber object encoding `NO` to this property does nothing. ### AXFullScreen Whether the receiving window is full screen.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXFullScreen;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXFullScreen` attribute applies to a window object, returning whether it is currently full screen. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To make a window full screen, call `-setFullScreen:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`; to return it to its normal mode, an NSNumber object encoding `NO`. The NSAccessibilityFullScreenAttribute constant is private Apple API. Use at your own risk. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.7. ### AXFullScreenButton The full screen button in the receiving window's title bar.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXFullScreenButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a full screen button. ##### Discussion The `AXFullScreenButton` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's full screen button. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.7. ### AXGrowArea The grow area in the bottom-right corner of the receiving window.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXGrowArea;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a grow area. ##### Discussion The `AXGrowArea` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's grow area element. ### AXHandles The receiver's handle UI elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXHandles;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a handles attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXHandles` attribute represents all of the resize handles adorning a resizable UI element, such as a layout area item in Apple's Numbers application. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXHeader The receiving table or outline column's header element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXHeader;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXHeader` attribute applies to a column in a table or outline, returning its header. A header may be a static text item, a sort button element representing the column's title, or another object. All of a table or outline column's headers are also collected in a group element that is a child of the table or outline. ### AXHelp A localized string providing helpful information regarding the receiver.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXHelp;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a help attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXHelp` attribute may be identical to the text of its help tag (tooltip), but it can be different. When different, it should be worded specifically to assist users with disabilities. See also AXRole, AXSubrole, AXRoleDescription, and AXDescription. ### AXHidden Whether the receiving application is hidden.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXHidden;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXHidden` attribute applies to the application object, indicating whether the application is currently hidden. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To hide an application or other hideable UI element, call `-setAXHidden:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`; to unhide it, an NSNumber object encoding `NO`. Some UI elements respond specially to this attribute; for example, in Mac OS X 10.7 Lion, a scroller can be unhidden temporarily, but it cannot be forced to hide by passing YES. ### AXHorizontalScrollBar The receiving scroller's horizontal scroll bar element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXHorizontalScrollBar;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXHorizontalScrollBar` attribute returns the horizontal scroll bar of the receiving scroll view. See also AXVerticalScrollBar. ### AXHorizontalUnitDescription A localized string describing the receiver's horizontal units of measurement, suitable for display or speech.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXHorizontalUnitDescription;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion An element's `AXHorizontalUnitDescription` attribute is used to explain to a user what the receiver's horizontal units of measurement are. It typically echoes the technical AXHorizontalUnits, but in human-readable form without the "AX" prefix and broken into discrete words. For example, an element whose horizontal units are "AXInches" has a role description of "inches". Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXUnitDescription. ### AXHorizontalUnits A technical, non-localized string representing the receiver's horizontal units of measurement.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXHorizontalUnits;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXHorizontalUnits` attribute represents the element's horizontal units of measurement using strings beginning with "AX" defined by the accessibility API, such as "AXInchesUnit" and "AXPointsUnit". The accessibility API also provides localizable, human-readable descriptions of the element, suitable for display or speech, in the AXHorizontalUnitDescription attribute. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXUnits. ### AXHourField The hour field in the receiving clock control.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXHourField;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXHourField` attribute applies to a clock control element, returning its hour field. ### AXIdentifier A string identifying the receiver across application launches.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXIdentifier;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiver does not have an identifier attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXIdentifier` attribute is a persistent identifier that remains the same for the same UI element over multiple launches of the application. It might not be unique. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.7. ### AXIncrementButton The receiving stepper's increment button.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXIncrementButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. See also AXDecrementButton. ##### Discussion The `AXIncrementButton` attribute applies to a stepper, returning its down arrow button. ### AXIncrementor A stepper UI element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXIncrementor;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXIncrementor` attribute returns a stepper, such as the stepper in a clock element. ### AXIndex The index of the receiver.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXIndex;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value. ##### Discussion The `AXIndex` attribute returns an element's index, such as the index of a table or outline column. The index is zero-based. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXInsertionPointLineNumber The line index of a naked insertion point in the receiving text object.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXInsertionPointLineNumber;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value, or `nil` if text is currently selected in the receiver. ##### Discussion Use the `AXInsertionPointLineNumber` attribute to determine whether a naked insertion point is at the end of one wrapped line or at the beginning of the next wrapped line of a word-wrapped line of text. This attribute returns a line number only if no text is currently selected. It returns `nil` if text is currently selected in the receiver. To determine the location of the insertion point as a character index, get the starting character index of the current selection range using AXSelectedTextRange. The `location` field of the structure it encodes holds a character index representing the insertion point whether or not text is currently selected. If the length of the current selection is greater than 0, you can determine the line index of the insertion point (that is, the line on which the first character of the selection is located) without ambiguity by calling -AXLineForIndex:. The line index can be important, for example, when you want to scroll to the insertion point. To determine the line index of the insertion point when the length of the current selection is 0, two steps are required. This is because the character index is the same when there is no text selection and the insertion point is at the end of one wrapped line or the beginning of the next wrapped line (there is no return character separating wrapped lines). First, pass the character index of the current selection range to -AXLineForIndex:, as above, and note the result. Second, to distinguish between a naked insertion point that is located at the end of one wrapped line and one that is located at the beginning of the next wrapped line even though both have the same character index, use this property, `AXInsertionPointLineNumber`. If the result is `nil`, you know that the length of the current selection is greater than 0 and the line index returned by -AXLineForIndex: was therefore correct. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method or similar to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXIsApplicationRunning Whether the application represented by the receiving application dock item is running.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXIsApplicationRunning;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXIsApplicationRunning` attribute indicates whether the application represented by the receiving application dock item is running. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. ### AXLabelUIElements The labels for a slider or similar control.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXLabelUIElements;
##### Return Value An NSArray of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXLabelUIElements` attribute applies to a slider or similar control, returning its label elements. ### AXLabelValue The value of the receiving label.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXLabelValue;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer or other numeric value. ##### Discussion The `AXLabelValue` attribute applies to a slider or similar control, returning the value of the receiving label. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method or similar to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXLinkedUIElements The UI elements that are linked to the receiver.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXLinkedUIElements;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIelement objects. ##### Discussion An element's `AXLinkedUIElements` attribute represents elements that are associated with the receiver in the sense that their values depend upon the receiver's current value. For example, the contents of the To, From and Subject text fields and the Message text view of an e-mail message area in the user interface may depend upon which item is currently selected in an associated table listing available e-mail messages. ### AXMain Whether the receiver is the target application's main window.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXMain;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXMain` attribute applies to a window object, returning whether it is the main window of the application. An application may have a single main window whether it is the active application or not. If the application is inactive, its main window is the window that would be its main window if it were active. The main window need not be the window having keyboard focus. To determine if it is the key window, use AXFocused. To get the application's main window element, use AXMainWindow. To get its key window, the window that has keyboard focus, use AXFocusedWindow. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To set the receiver to be the target application's main window, call `-setAXMain:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`. Whether making a window the target application's main window brings it in front of other windows belonging to the application is application-dependent. To make another window the main window, you must send the `-setAXMain:` message to it; passing an NSNumber object encoding `NO` to this property does nothing. ### AXMainWindow The receiving application's main window.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXMainWindow;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXMainWindow` attribute applies to the application object, returning its main window. See AXMain for more information. ### AXMarkerGroupUIElement A group element containing the receiving text ruler's markers.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXMarkerGroupUIElement;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXMarkerGroupUIElement` attribute applies to a text ruler element. It is not documented. The rulers in Apple's TextEdit and Pages applications do not use this attribute. ### AXMarkerType A technical, non-localized string designating the receiving text ruler marker's type.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXMarkerType;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXMarkerType` attribute applies to a text ruler marker, such as a left tab stop marker or the head indent marker, returning a string describing its type. The result can be compared to the string constants `NSAccessibilityLeftTabStopMarkerTypeValue` ("AXLeftTabStopMarkerType"), `NSAccessibilityRightTabStopMarkerTypeValue` ("AXRightTabStopMarkerType"), `NSAccessibilityCenterTabStopMarkerTypeValue` ("AXCenterTabStopMarkerType"), `NSAccessibilityDecimalTabStopMarkerTypeValue` ("AXDecimalTabStopMarkerType"), `NSAccessibilityHeadIndentMarkerTypeValue` ("AXHeadIndentMarkerType"), `NSAccessibilityTailIndentMarkerTypeValue` ("AXTailIndentMarkerType"), `NSAccessibilityFirstLineIndentMarkerTypeValue` ("AXFirstLineIndentMarkerType"), `NSAccessibilityUnknownMarkerTypeValue` ("AXUnknownMarkerType"). See also AXMarkerTypeDescription. ### AXMarkerTypeDescription A localized string describing the receiving text ruler marker, suitable for display or speech.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXMarkerTypeDescription;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXMarkerTypeDescription` attribute applies to a text ruler marker, such as a left tab stop marker or the head indent marker, returning a localized string describing its type. ### AXMarkerUIElements The receiving text ruler's marker elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXMarkerUIElements;
##### Return Value An NSArray of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXMarkerUIElements` attribute applies to a text ruler element, returning its marker elements, such as a left tab stop marker or the head indent marker. ### AXMarkerValues The values of the receiving text ruler's marker elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXMarkerValues;
##### Return Value An NSArray of NSString. ##### Discussion The `AXMarkerValues` attribute applies to a text ruler element. This attribute is not documented. The values of markers in the rulers in Apple's TextEdit and Pages applications are available using their `AXValue` attribute. ### AXMatteContentUIElement The object clipped by the receiving screen matte.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXMatteContentUIElement;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXMatteContentUIElement` attribute applies to a screen matte, returning the element clipped by the screen matte. ### AXMatteHole The bounds of the receiving screen matte's hole in screen coordinates.
    @property(readonly) NSValue *AXMatteHole;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRect structure. ##### Discussion The `AXMatteHole` attribute applies to a screen matte, returning the rectangle bounding the screen matte's hole. Use NSValue's `-rectValue` method to extract the NSRect structure of the result. ### AXMaxValue The largest legal value of the receiver.
    @property(readonly) id AXMaxValue;
##### Return Value An object of any type (typically NSNumber), or `nil` if the receiver does not recognize a maximum value attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXMaxValue` attribute is the largest value it can display. The returned value is an object of the same type as the receiving element's `AXValue` attribute. In conjunction with its `AXMinValue` attribute, it enables a client to set the element's value within a valid range. The `AXMaxValue` attribute is typically recognized by elements that allow a user to set their values within a range of permissible values, such as sliders. A scroll bar may not recognize this attribute; its actual minimum and maximum values are always 0.0 and 1.0, respectively. See also AXValue and AXMinValue. ### AXMenuBar The receiving application's menu bar element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXMenuBar;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXMenuBar` attribute applies to the application object, returning its one and only menu bar. There are typically two menu bars visible on the screen at a time, the active application's menu bar and the systemUIServer application's menu bar. The latter is located in the top-right corner of the same screen that displays the active application's menu bar. Its children are all of the system's menu extras, such as the clock menu extra. (This does not include a variety of third-party buttons that may appear to the left of the SystemUIServer's menu bar.) ### AXMenuItemCmdChar The receiving menu item's keyboard shortcut as a single-character string.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXMenuItemCmdChar;
##### Return Value An NSString object, an empty string if the receiving menu item does not have a keyboard shortcut that is represented by a character. ##### Discussion The `AXMenuItemCmdChar` attribute applies to a menu item, returning its keyboard shortcut as a character if it is implemented as a key represented by a character such as "X". ### AXMenuItemCmdGlyph The receiving menu item's keyboard shortcut as a glyph code.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXMenuItemCmdGlyph;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value, or `nil` if the receiving menu item does not have a keyboard shortcut that is represented by a glyph code. ##### Discussion The `AXMenuItemCmdGlyph` attribute applies to a menu item, returning its keyboard shortcut as a glyph code, if it is implemented as a key represented by a glyph code. Glyph codes returned by this method are described in the Carbon Menu Manager documentation and declared in Menus.h in the Carbon HIToolbox framework. They are numbers representing all of the control and function keys on the keyboard. For example, the glyph code for the left arrow key is `kMenuLeftArrowGlyph`, 0x64 or 100, and for the right arrow key, `kMenuRightArrowGlyph`, 0x65 or 101. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXMenuItemCmdModifiers The modifier key combination required by the receiving menu item's keyboard shortcut.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXMenuItemCmdModifiers;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value, or `nil` if the receiving menu item does not have a keyboard shortcut. ##### Discussion The `AXMenuItemCmdModifiers` attribute applies to a menu item, returning the modifier key combination required by its keyboard shortcut. The modifier key combination is the Modifier Key Mask described in the Carbon Menu Manager documentation and declared in Menus.h in the Carbon HIToolbox framework. It is a number representing a particular combination of modifier keys. The number is based on the combination of bits in a 4-bit bit field where bit 0 is the Shift key, `kMenuShiftModifie`; bit 1 is the Option key, `kMenuOptionModifier`; bit 2 is the Control key, `kMenuControlModifier`; and bit 3 means the Command key is not required, `kMenuNoCommandModifier`. The Command key is assumed unless bit 3 is set, and it is not included in the mask. Thus, for example, the number 0 means that only the Command key is required; 1, Command-Shift; 2, Command-Option; 3, Command-Shift-Option; 4, Command-Control; and so on. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXMenuItemCmdVirtualKey The receiving menu item's keyboard shortcut as a virtual key code.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXMenuItemCmdVirtualKey;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value, or `nil` if the receiving menu item does not have a keyboard shortcut that is represented by a virtual key code. ##### Discussion The `AXMenuItemCmdVirtualKey` attribute applies to a menu item, returning its keyboard shortcut as a virtual key code if it is implemented as a key represented by a virtual key code. Virtual key codes returned by this method are the keycodes described in Inside Macintosh Volume V. They are the same keycodes returned by NSEvent's -keyCode method. They are hardware-independent numbers representing specific keys on the keyboard. They are generally used to represent keyboard shortcuts only when there is more than one key that returns the same character or glyph code. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXMenuItemMarkChar The receiving menu item's mark character.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXMenuItemMarkChar;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or an empty string if the mark character is not currently set because the menu is closed or the receiving menu item does not have a mark character. ##### Discussion The `AXMenuItemMarkChar` attribute applies to a menu item, returning its mark character, such as a check mark. Many applications set a menu item's mark character only as the menu is being opened. For this reason, it may not be possible to obtain the mark character except by first opening the menu. The PFAssistive framework does not do this automatically, but a client can do it by sending -activateApplication and then sending -performAction: to perform an AXPress action on the menu to open it. ### AXMenuItemPrimaryUIElement The receiving menu item's primary menu item element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXMenuItemPrimaryUIElement;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the menu item does not have a secondary menu item element. ##### Discussion The `AXMenuItemPrimaryUIElement` attribute applies to a menu item, returning its primary menu item element. Some menu items have both a primary menu item element and a secondary menu item element that appears when the Option key is held down. ### AXMinimizeButton The minimize button in the receiving window's title bar.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXMinimizeButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a minimize button. ##### Discussion The `AXMinimizeButton` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's minimize button. ### AXMinimized Whether the receiving window is minimized to the Dock.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXMinimized;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXMinimized` attribute applies to a window object, returning whether it is currently minimized to the Dock. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To minimize a window, call `-setAXMinimized:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`; to maximize it, an NSNumber object encoding `NO`. ### AXMinuteField The minute field in the receiving clock control.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXMinuteField;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXMinuteField` attribute applies to a clock control element, returning its minute field. ### AXMinValue The smallest legal value of the receiver.
    @property(readonly) id AXMinValue;
##### Return Value An object of any type (typically NSNumber), or `nil` if the receiver does not have a minimum value attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXMinValue` attribute represents the smallest value it can display. The returned value is an object of the same type as the receiving element's `AXValue` attribute. In conjunction with its `AXMaxValue` attribute, it enables a client to set the element's value within a valid range. The `AXMinValue` attribute is typically recognized by elements that allow a user to set their values within a range of permissible values, such as sliders. A scroll bar may not recognize this attribute; its actual minimum and maximum values are always 0.0 and 1.0, respectively. See also AXValue and AXMaxValue. ### AXModal Whether the receiver is a modal window.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXModal;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXModal` attribute applies to a window object, returning `YES` if the window is modal. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. ### AXMonthField The month field in the receiving clock control.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXMonthField;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXMonthField` attribute applies to a clock control element, returning its month field. ### AXNextContents The contents of the subview following the splitter bar in a split group or a similar divider.
    @property(readonly) id AXNextContents;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXNextContents` attribute returns all of the elements contained in the subview following a divider element, such as a splitter bar in a split group. ### AXNumberOfCharacters The number of characters in the receiver's text.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXNumberOfCharacters;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a number of characters attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXNumberOfCharacters` attribute applies to text elements, such as a text view or a text field. It returns the number of Unicode characters in the receiver's text, not the number of bytes. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method or similar to extract the integer value of the result. ### AXOrderedByRow Whether the receiving grid element is ordered by rows.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXOrderedByRow;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXOrderedByRow` attribute indicates whether the receiving grid element is ordered by rows. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. ### AXOrientation A technical, non-localized string designating the receiver's orientation on the screen.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXOrientation;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXOrientation` attribute applies to elements having a vertical or horizontal orientation, such as scroll bars and split views. The result can be compared to the string constants `NSAccessibilityHorizontalOrientationValue` ("AXVerticalOrientation"), `NSAccessibilityVerticalOrientationValue` ("AXHorizontalOrientation", and `NSAccessibiliityUnknownOrientationValue` ("AXUnknownOrientation". NSAccessibilityUnknownOrientationValue was added to the NSAccessibility protocol in Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard to match the existing kAXUnknownOrientationValue constant. ### AXOverflowButton The receiving toolbar's overflow button element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXOverflowButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXOverflowButton` attribute applies to a toolbar, returning its overflow button. ### AXParent The receiver's parent UI element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXParent;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement or PFApplicationUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiver is the root application element. ##### Discussion An element's `AXParent` attribute represents the element containing it in the visual, on-screen accessibility containment hierarchy. This may not be its immediate container in the application's programmatic view hierarchy, because the view hierarchy often includes unseen objects that are irrelevant to accessibility and therefore ignored by it. For example, a drawer's parent is the window from which the drawer opened, not the unseen programmatic window object that contains the drawer's view. More conventionally, a push button's parent may be a group or a window, a window's parent is the root application element, a menu item's parent is a menu, a menu bar item's parent is the menu bar, and a menu's parent may be a menu bar item or a menu item. The `AXParent` and AXChildren properties are key players in an assistive application's navigation up and down a target application's accessibility containment hierarchy. This property returns `nil` if the receiver is the target application's root UI element. Every element in the visual element hierarchy has a parent, except for the root application element. See the AXChildren property for requirements regarding the relationship between a parent and its children. ### AXPlaceholderValue The string that appears in a text field or similar element as its placeholder.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXPlaceholderValue;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXPlaceholder` attribute typically applies to text fields, returning the string that appears in the element as its placeholder. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXPosition The receiver's position on the screen.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSValue *AXPosition;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSPoint structure. ##### Discussion An element's screen position in the accessibility API is its top-left corner in global top-left relative screen coordinates, where {0.0, 0.0} is the top-left corner of the screen displaying the menu bar and values increase in magnitude to the right and downwards. Use NSValue's `-pointValue` method to extract the NSPoint structure of the result. To set the receiver's position, call `-setAXPosition:` passing an NSValue object encoding the desired point in top-left relative screen coordinates. When setting a window's position, the accessibility API does not allow its title bar to be moved into the menu bar or the Dock. Instead, the window is moved to the nearest valid position. Many elements cannot be moved. ### AXPreviousContents The contents of the subview preceding the splitter bar in a split group or a similar divider.
    @property(readonly) id AXPreviousContents;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXPreviousContents` attribute returns all of the elements contained in the subview preceding a divider element, such as a splitter bar in a split group. ### AXProxy The proxy icon in the receiving window's title bar representing the window's document.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXProxy;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a proxy icon (that is, if the receiver's document has never been saved or it does not have a document). ##### Discussion The `AXProxy` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's proxy icon. ### AXRole A technical, non-localized string representing the receiver's role.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXRole;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXRole` attribute represents the element's role or kind using strings beginning with "AX" defined by the accessibility API, such as "AXButton" and "AXWindow", or custom strings defined by an application, such as the Finder's "AXFinderItem" and Safari's "AXWebArea". The accessibility API also provides localizable, human-readable descriptions of the element, suitable for display or speech, in the AXRoleDescription attribute and in the more verbose AXDescription attribute indicating the exact function or purpose of a specific element. All elements have an `AXRole` attribute, even if it is "AXUnknown". Some elements supplement the generic role attribute with an AXSubrole attribute indicating one of several subcategories of the basic role. See AXSubrole for more information. See also AXHelp. ### AXRoleDescription A localized string describing the receiver's role or subrole, suitable for display or speech.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXRoleDescription;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion An element's `AXRoleDescription` attribute is used to explain to a user what the element is. It typically echoes the technical AXRole or AXSubrole attribute, but in human-readable form without the "AX" prefix and broken into discrete words. For example, an element whose role is "AXWindow" and whose subrole is "AXDialog" has a role description of "dialog". It is sometimes represented in accessibility documentation in the form AXRole:AXSubrole, such as AXWindow:AXDialog. See also AXRole, AXSubrole, AXDescription, and AXHelp. ### AXRowCount The number of rows in the receiving grid element.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXRowCount;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding an integer value, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a row count attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXRowCount` attribute applies to grids, returning the number of rows in the table. Use NSNumber's `-intValue` method or similar to extract the integer value of the result. See also AXColumnCount. ### AXRowHeaderUIElements The receiver's row header UI elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXRowHeaderUIElements;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects, which may be `nil` if the receiver does not have a row header UI elements attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXRowHeaderUIElements` attribute represents its row header UI elements. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXRowIndexRange The range of the receiver's row indexes.
    @property(readonly) NSValue *AXRowIndexRange;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a selected row index range attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXRowIndexRange` attribute applies to tables, returning the range of row indexes in the table. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXColumnIndexRange. ### AXRows The rows of the receiving table or outline.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXRows;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXRows` attribute applies to a table or outline, returning its row elements. ### AXSearchButton The search button element in the receiving search field.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXSearchButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXSearchButton` attribute applies to a search field, returning its search button. ### AXSearchMenu The search pop-up menu element in the receiving search field.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXSearchMenu;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXSearchMenu` attribute applies to a search field, returning its search menu, or `nil` if the receiving search field does not have a search menu. ### AXSecondField The second field in the receiving clock control.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXSecondField;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXSecondField` attribute applies to a clock control element, returning its second field. ### AXSelected Whether the receiver is selected.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSNumber *AXSelected;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The `AXSelected` attribute indicates whether a user-selectable element is selected in the user interface. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. To select the receiver, call `-setAXSelected:` passing an NSNumber object encoding `YES`; to deselect it, an NSNumber object encoding `NO`. ### AXSelectedCells The receiving cell-based table's selected cell UI elements.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSArray *AXSelectedCells;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects, which may be empty, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a selected cells attribute.. ##### Discussion An element's `AXSelectedCells` attribute represents the subset of its cells that are currently selected in the user interface. For example, it may identify the cells that are selected in a table in Apple's Numbers application. To change the selection in the user interface, call `-setAXSelectedCells:` passing an NSArray object containing PFUIElement objects that are cells of the receiver, or an empty array to clear the current selection. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXSelectedChildren The receiver's selected children UI elements.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSArray *AXSelectedChildren;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects, which may be empty, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a selected children attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXSelectedChildren` attribute represents the subset of its children that are currently selected in the user interface. For example, it may identify the items that are selected in a table, outline or browser column list, or the Finder items that are selected on the desktop. To change the selection in the user interface, call `-setAXSelectedChildren:` passing an NSArray object containing PFUIElement objects that are children of the receiver, or an empty array to clear the current selection. ### AXSelectedColumns The selected columns of the receiving table or outline.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSArray *AXSelectedColumns;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXSelectedColumns` attribute applies to a table or outline, returning the subset of its column objects that are currently selected. Prior to Mac OS X 10.6 Snow Leopard, this attribute incorrectly returned the selected column indexes. To change the selection in the user interface, call `-setAXSelectedColumns:` passing an NSArray object containing PFUIElement objects that are columns of the receiver, or an empty array to clear the current selection. ### AXSelectedRows The selected rows of the receiving table or outline.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSArray *AXSelectedRows;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXSelectedRows` attribute applies to a table or outline, returning the subset of its row elements that are currently selected. To change the selection in the user interface, call `-setAXSelectedRows:` passing an NSArray object containing PFUIElement objects that are rows of the receiver, or an empty array to clear the current selection. ### AXSelectedText The receiver's selected text.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSString *AXSelectedText;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a selected text attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXSelectedText` attribute applies to text elements, such as a text view or a text field, returning the portion of the element's text that is currently selected. To set the receiver's selected text, call `-setAXSelectedText:` passing an NSString object representing the new text for the selection. Setting the selected text removes the text that is currently selected and inserts text in its place at the insertion point. The insertion point remains unchanged, but the length of the selection may change. To select different text instead of replacing the text that is currently selected, call `-setAXSelectedTextRange:` or `-setAXSelectedTextRanges:`. See also AXSelectedTextRange and AXSelectedTextRanges. ### AXSelectedTextRange The range of the receiver's text selection.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSValue *AXSelectedTextRange;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a selected text range attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXSelectedTextRange` attribute applies to editable text elements, such as a text view or a text field, returning the range of characters of the portion of the receiver's text that is currently selected. It is a range of Unicode characters, not bytes. The insertion point is a range having a length of 0. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. To set the receiver's selected text range, call `-setAXSelectedTextRange:` passing an NSValue object encoding the range for a new selection. To replace the currently selected text with different text, instead of selecting different text, call `-setAXSelectedText:`. See also AXSelectedText and AXSelectedTextRanges. ### AXSelectedTextRanges The ranges of the receiver's noncontiguous multiple text selections.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSArray *AXSelectedTextRanges;
##### Return Value An NSArray object containing NSValue objects encoding noncontiguous NSRange structures, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a selected text range attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXSelectedTextRange` attribute applies to editable text elements, such as a text view or a text field, returning an array of the ranges of characters of the portions of the receiver's text that are currently part of a noncontiguous multiple selection. They are ranges of Unicode characters, not bytes. The insertion point is an array containing a single empty selection range, which has a length of 0. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of any NSValue object in the array. To set the receiver's selected text ranges, call `-setAXSelectedTextRanges:` passing an NSArray object containing NSValue objects encoding the ranges for a new multiple selection. See also AXSelectedText and AXSelectedTextRange. ### AXServesAsTitleForUIElements The UI elements for which the receiver serves as title.
    @property(readonly) id AXServesAsTitleForUIElements;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIelement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXServesAsTitleForUIElements` attribute represents all of the elements for which the receiver serves as title in the user interface. This attribute is rarely available because to implement it application developers must provide it in code; it cannot be set in Interface Builder. Apple documentation indicates that it is used in AXMenuItem and AXMenuBarItem elements only. The `AXServesAsTitleForUIElements` attribute is the inverse of -AXTitleUIElement. ### AXSharedCharacterRange The range of characters in a larger text object that are contained in the receiving text view, which shares the text object with other text view elements.
    @property(readonly) NSValue *AXSharedCharacterRange;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure. ##### Discussion The `AXSharedCharacterRange` attribute typically applies to text views, not text fields. It returns the range of characters in a larger text object that are contained in the receiving text view, which shares the text object with other text view elements, such as the range of characters in one of multiple text columns that share a single text object. It returns the range of Unicode characters in the receiver's text, not the range of bytes. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. ### AXSharedTextUIElements An array containing all of the text view elements that share a larger text object, a portion of which is contained in the receiving text view.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXSharedTextUIElements;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIelement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXSharedTextUIElements` attribute typically applies to text views, not text fields. It returns all of the text views that share the larger text object, part of which is contained in the receiving text view, such as multiple text columns across which the text object flows. ### AXShownMenuUIElement The menu element currently being displayed.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXShownMenuUIElement;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXShownMenuUIElement` attribute returns the open menu associated with the receiver, or `nil` if no menu is open for on the receiver. For example, the Finder's Finder item element and the Dock's Dock item element recognize the `AXShownMenuUIElement` attribute. ### AXSize The receiver's size on the screen.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSValue *AXSize;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSSize structure. ##### Discussion An element's size on the screen is its horizontal and vertical dimensions. Use NSValue's `-sizeValue` method to extract the NSSize structure of the result. To set the receiver's position, call `-setAXSize:` passing an NSValue object encoding the desired size. Many elements cannot be resized. ### AXSortDirection A technical, non-localized string designating the receiving column's sort direction.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSString *AXSortDirection;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXSortDirection` attribute applies to elements having a sort direction, such as column headers in tables and outlines. The result can be compared to the string constants `NSAccessibilityAscendingSortDirectionValue` ("AXAscendingSortDirection"), `NSAccessibilityDescendingSortDirectionValue` ("AXDescendingSortDirection"), and `NSAccessibilityUnknownSortDirectionValue` ("AXUnknownSortDirection"). To set the sort direction, call `-setAXSortDirection:` passing the NSString object `NSAccessibilityAscendingSortDirectionValue` ("AXAscendingSortDirection"), `NSAccessibilityDescendingSortDirectionValue` ("AXDescendingSortDirection"), or `NSAccessibilityUnknownSortDirectionValue` ("AXUnknownSortDirection"). ### AXSplitters The splitter bar elements in the receiving split group.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXSplitters;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The splitter bar elements are also children of the split group. ### AXSubrole A technical, non-localized string representing the receiver's subrole.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXSubrole;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a subrole attribute. ##### Discussion Some elements have an `AXSubrole` attribute more specifically defining their role. The subrole is a string beginning with "AX" defined by the accessibility API, such as "AXCloseButton" and "AXZoomButton" for the AXButton role and "AXStandardWindow" and "AXDialog" for the AXWindow role, or a custom subrole defined by an application. When an element has a subrole, its AXRoleDescription attribute typically reflects the subrole rather than the role. See also AXRole, AXRoleDescription, AXDescription, and AXHelp. ### AXTabs The receiving tab group's tab elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXTabs;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXTabs` attribute applies to a tab group element, returning its tabs. The role of the tabs is `AXRadioButton`. ### AXTextInputMarkedRange The marked range of a text input session from an input manager.
    @property(readonly) NSValue *AXTextInputMarkedRange;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure. ##### Discussion The `AXTextInputMarkedRange` attribute applies to editable text elements, such as a text view or a text field. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. The NSAccessibilityTextInputMarkedRangeAttribute constant is private Apple API. Use at your own risk. ### AXTitle A localized string that is the receiver's title.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXTitle;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a title attribute. ##### Discussion Many elements have `AXTitle` attributes, such as a button. The title is the text that an application displays as part of its normal visual interface, such as "OK" for an OK button or the text of a menu item. Elements are often associated with a separate UI element in the visual interface that serves as their title, such as a static text field. See AXTitleUIElement for more information. ### AXTitleUIElement A separate UI element that serves as the receiver's title.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXTitleUIElement;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion An element's `AXTitleUIElement` attribute represents a separate element that is associated with the receiver and serves as its title, such as the static text field in a window's title bar or the static text field to the left of a text field or pop-up button. The `AXTitleUIElement` attribute is the inverse of AXServesAsTitleForUIElements. ### AXToolbarButton The toolbar button in the receiving window's title bar.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXToolbarButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a toolbar button. ##### Discussion The `AXToolbarButton` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's toolbar button. ### AXTopLevelUIElement The top-level UI element containing the receiver.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXTopLevelUIElement;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXTopLevelUIElement` attribute is a convenient shortcut, providing immediate access to an element's top-level container without requiring explicit traversal of the intervening hierarchy. The `AXTopLevelUIElement` attribute is similar to AXWindow, but the element returned can be something other than a window element, such as a sheet or a drawer. The top level UI element of an application dock item is the Dock application's list of dock items. ### AXUnitDescription A localized string describing the receiving text ruler's units of measurement, suitable for display or speech.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXUnitDescription;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXUnitDescription` attribute applies to a text ruler element, returning a localized string describing its units of measurement. See also AXUnits. ### AXUnits A technical, non-localized string representing the receiving text ruler's units of measurement.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXUnits;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXUnits` attribute applies to a text ruler element, returning a string describing its units of measurement. The result can be compared to the string constants `NSAccessibilityInchesUnitValue` ("AXInchesUnit"), `NSAccessibilityCentimetersUnitValue` ("AXCentimentersUnit"), `NSAccessibilityPointsUnitValue` ("AXPointsUnit"), `NSAccessibilityPicasUnitValue` ("AXPicasUnit"), and `NSAccessibilityUnknownUnitValue` ("AXUnknownUnit"). See also AXUnitDescription. ### AXURL The receiver's associated file URL.
    @property(readonly) NSURL *AXURL;
##### Return Value An NSURL object representing the file URL associated with the receiver, or `nil` for elements that don't have a file URL such as a volume or iDisk. ##### Discussion The `AXURL` attribute returns the file URL associated with the receiver. For example, the Finder's finder item element recognizes the AXURL attribute. See also AXDocument and AXFilename>. ### AXValue The receiver's value.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) id AXValue;
##### Return Value An object of any type, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a value attribute. ##### Discussion An element typically has a value attribute if a user can modify it by interacting with it on the screen. In addition, many elements have values even though they are not modifiable by a user, such as a static text field. The value can be almost any type, but it is always the same type for any given element. For example, a text field's value is the text it contains, a scroll bar's value is a real number between 0.0 and 1.0 representing the position of its thumb, and a checkbox's value is an integer, either 1 or 0 depending on whether it is checked. To set the receiver's value, call `-setAXValue:` passing an object of the appropriate type. Some elements, such as a checkbox, can only be modified by clicking. In those cases, the element supports an AXPress action instead of a settable value attribute. See also AXValueDescription. ### AXValueDescription A localized string describing the receiver's value, suitable for display or speech.
    @property(readonly) id AXValueDescription;
##### Return Value An NSString object, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a value attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXValueDescription` attribute is used to explain to a user what the element's value is. See also AXValue. ### AXValueIncrement The magnitude of each increment of the receiver's value.
    @property(readonly) id AXValueIncrement;
##### Return Value An object of any type (typically NSNumber). ##### Discussion The `AXValueIncrement` attribute applies to a stepper and similar elements, returning the amount by which the value manipulated by the stepper or similar element changes with a single click. The returned value is an object of the same type as the receiving element's `AXValue` attribute. ### AXValueWraps Whether the receiver wraps; that is, if stepping in one direction eventually returns the receiver to its initial value.
    @property(readonly) NSNumber *AXValueWraps;
##### Return Value An NSNumber object encoding a BOOL value. ##### Discussion The AXValueWraps attribute applies to a stepper and similar elements, returning whether its value wraps around to its minimum value when the maximum value is exceeded, and vice versa. Use NSNumber's `-boolValue` method to extract the BOOL value of the result. ### AXVerticalScrollBar The receiving scroller's vertical scroll bar element.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXVerticalScrollBar;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. See also AXHorizontalScrollBar. ##### Discussion The `AXVerticalScrollBar` attribute returns the vertical scroll bar of the receiving scroll view. ### AXVerticalUnitDescription A localized string describing the receiver's vertical units of measurement, suitable for display or speech.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXVerticalUnitDescription;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion An element's `AXVerticalUnitDescription` attribute is used to explain to a user what the receiver's vertical units of measurement are. It typically echoes the technical AXVerticalUnits, but in human-readable form without the "AX" prefix and broken into discrete words. For example, an element whose vertical units are "AXInches" has a role description of "inches". Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXUnitDescription. ### AXVerticalUnits A technical, non-localized string representing the receiver's vertical units of measurement.
    @property(readonly) NSString *AXVerticalUnits;
##### Return Value An NSString object. ##### Discussion The `AXVerticalUnits` attribute represents the element's vertical units of measurement using strings beginning with "AX" defined by the accessibility API, such as "AXInchesUnit" and "AXPointsUnit". The accessibility API also provides localizable, human-readable descriptions of the element, suitable for display or speech, in the AXVerticalUnitDescription attribute. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. See also AXUnits. ### AXVisibleCells The receiving cell-based table's visible cell UI elements.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSArray *AXVisibleCells;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects, which may be empty, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a selected cells attribute.. ##### Discussion An element's `AXVisibleCells` attribute represents a subset of its cells that are currently visible in their container; for example, the cells of a table in Apple's Numbers application that are scrolled into view. This attribute is required for cell-based tables, but optional for view-based tables in Mac OS X 10.7 Lion and newer. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXVisibleCharacterRange The range of the receiver's visible text.
    @property(readwrite,
        retain) NSValue *AXVisibleCharacterRange;
##### Return Value An NSValue object encoding an NSRange structure, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a visible text range attribute. ##### Discussion The `AXVisibleCharacterRange` attribute typically applies to text views, not text fields, returning the range of characters of the portion of the receiver's text that is currently scrolled into view. It includes whole lines even if they are clipped horizontally. It is a range of Unicode characters, not a range of bytes. Use NSValue's `-rangeValue` method to extract the NSRange structure of the result. To set the receiver's visible character range, call `-setAXVisibleCharacterRange:` passing an NSValue object encoding the range for a new range of characters. This has the effect of scrolling the characters into view. ### AXVisibleChildren The receiver's visible children UI elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXVisibleChildren;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects, or `nil` if the receiver does not have a visible children attribute. ##### Discussion An element's `AXVisibleChildren` attribute represents a subset of its children that are currently visible in their container; for example, the rows of a table or outline view that are scrolled into view. ### AXVisibleColumns The visible columns of the receiving table or outline.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXVisibleColumns;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXVisibleColumns` attribute applies to a table or outline, returning the subset of its column elements that are scrolled into view. ### AXVisibleRows The visible rows of the receiving table or outline.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXVisibleRows;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXVisibleRows` attribute applies to a table or outline, returning the subset of its row elements that are scrolled into view. ### AXWarningValue The receiving level indicator's warning value.
    @property(readonly) id AXWarningValue;
##### Return Value An object of any value, typically an NSNumber. ##### Discussion The `AXWarningValue` attribute applies to a level indicator, returning its warning value. Availability: Introduced in Mac OS X v10.6. ### AXWindow The window UI element containing the receiver.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXWindow;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXWindow` attribute is a convenient shortcut, providing immediate access to an element's containing window without requiring explicit traversal of the intervening hierarchy. The `AXWindow` attribute is similar to AXTopLevelUIElement except that the element returned can only be a window element, not a sheet or a drawer element. Returns the window from which a sheet or drawer opens if the receiver is a sheet or a drawer, not the window containing the views in the sheet or drawer. ### AXWindows The receiving application's open window elements.
    @property(readonly) NSArray *AXWindows;
##### Return Value An array of PFUIElement objects. ##### Discussion The `AXWindows` attribute applies to the application object, listing all of its windows. ### AXYearField The year field in the receiving clock control.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXYearField;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object. ##### Discussion The `AXYearField` attribute applies to a clock control element, returning its year field. ### AXZoomButton The zoom button in the receiving window's title bar.
    @property(readonly) PFUIElement *AXZoomButton;
##### Return Value A PFUIElement object, or `nil` if the receiving window does not have a zoom button. ##### Discussion The `AXZoomButton` attribute applies to a window object. It is a convenience method to make it easy to access a window's zoom button. Last Updated: Sunday, October 16, 2011